@article{pmid39739397,

title = {Cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia mechanism of action: Exploring the homeostatic K-complex involvement},

author = {Marco Sforza and Charles M Morin and Thien Thanh Dang-Vu and Florence B Pomares and Aurore A Perrault and Jean-Philippe Gouin and Jitka Bušková and Karolina Janků and Alexandros Vgontzas and Julio Fernandez-Mendoza and Celyne H Bastien and Dieter Riemann and Chiara Baglioni and Giacomo Carollo and Francesca Casoni and Marco Zucconi and Vincenza Castronovo and Andrea Galbiati and Luigi Ferini-Strambi},

doi = {10.1111/jsr.14452},

issn = {1365-2869},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-08-01},

journal = {J Sleep Res},

volume = {34},

number = {4},

pages = {e14452},

abstract = {Investigating the mechanisms of action of cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), the first-line treatment for chronic insomnia disorder (ID), can contribute to the overall understanding of insomnia and its treatment. To date, no study has examined the relationship between K-complexes (KC) and CBT-I, despite the known homeostatic and protective function of this relevant sleep brainwave. This retrospective multicentre study aims to explore the relationship between electroencephalographic (EEG) indices and CBT-I, with a particular focus on evaluating an index of sleep homeostasis identified by KC. This research is designed to assess the predictive value of this index for treatment outcomes and to examine its variations before and after intervention. Ninety eight patients with ID underwent a 6-8 week in-person CBT-I programme, with pre-and post-treatment evaluation conducted using polysomnography (PSG) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The main outcome was determined by calculating the slope of the linear equation indexing the KC density (number of KC/minutes of N2) in each non-artifacted NREM stage 2 epoch throughout the night (KCSlope). Furthermore, the sample was categorised into Responders (ISIdecrease ≥8) and non-Responders (ISIdecrease <8). The results indicate that the KC Slope is effective not only to predict treatment response (one-way ANOVA, F = 7.831 p = 0.007; Responders = -2.954*10 ± 3.346*10, non-Responders = -5.583*10 ± 5.305*10; adjusted for PSG wake after sleep onset at the baseline), but also to detect a statistically significant improvement in sleep pressure following CBT-I (Wilcoxon signed-rank test W = 3074.000 p = 0.022; KCSlope pre-treatment = -4.054*10 ± 4.446*10, KCSlope post-treatment = -4.797*10 ± 5.710*10). These findings suggest that CBT-I increases sleep pressure in patients with chronic insomnia, highlighting a novel and relevant biomarker in this context.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid40637157,

title = {Child Abuse Exposure and Adult Sleep Continuity Disturbance, Sleep Duration, and Bedroom Safety},

author = {Pamela Alfonso-Miller and Jason G Ellis and Celyne H Bastien and Lauren Hale and Charles C Branas and Michael A Perlis and Elizabeth Rasmussen and Suzanne B Gorovoy and Michael A Grandner},

doi = {10.1080/15402002.2025.2529871},

issn = {1540-2010},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-07-01},

journal = {Behav Sleep Med},

pages = {1--12},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: While prior research has shown that early life events can impact sleep during adulthood. However, the specific aspects of sleep affected in those who experienced abuse as a child and potential environmental factors that may help ameliorate these difficulties is less understood.nnOBJECTIVES: The present cross-sectional study examined the relationship between abuse as a child and several key dimensions of poor sleep (sleep quality, insomnia symptoms and typical sleep duration). Additionally, perceived bedroom safety was examined as a potential moderator.nnPARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: A sample of 1,002 individuals completed measures of current sleep problems and perceived levels of safety in the bedroom. Additionally, participants indicated whether they had been exposed to physical or sexual abuse as a child. 204 participants reported being abused during childhood, defined as sexual or physical abuse.nnRESULTS: A series of linear regressions demonstrated - a) associations between a history of abuse as a child and adult poorer sleep quality, increased insomnia symptomology, and shorter sleep durations and b) these associations, in the main, were moderated by current perceived bedroom safety. Of those who had experienced abuse as a child, perceiving the bedroom as a safe environment was associated with a 52% reduction in perceived poor sleep quality, 19% reduction in insomnia symptoms and 37% increase in sleep duration compared to those who currently slept in an environment they perceived to be unsafe.nnCONCLUSIONS: While childhood abuse is associated with worse sleep health, these self-reported results indicate that the adult perception of safe bedroom mitigates that association.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid40504291,

title = {Too Aroused to Sleep: The Role of Tilt in Playing Online Poker and First-Person Shooter Games},

author = {Béatrice Sasseville and Isabelle Giroux and Floriane Olivier and Axelle Moreau and Emeline Chauchard and Christian Jacques and Célyne H Bastien},

doi = {10.1007/s10899-025-10406-x},

issn = {1573-3602},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-06-01},

journal = {J Gambl Stud},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38443322,

title = {Behavioural therapy for shift work disorder improves shift workers' sleep, sleepiness and mental health: A pilot randomised control trial},

author = {Annie Vallières and Alric Pappathomas and Séverine de Billy Garnier and Chantal Mérette and Julie Carrier and Tyna Paquette and Célyne H Bastien},

doi = {10.1111/jsr.14162},

issn = {1365-2869},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-12-01},

journal = {J Sleep Res},

volume = {33},

number = {6},

pages = {e14162},

abstract = {The present study evaluates the efficacy of behavioural therapy adapted for shift work disorder with a randomised control design in a healthcare population. Forty-three night shift workers (m. age: 34 years; 77% women) experiencing shift work disorder were randomised to either the behavioural therapy for shift work disorder (BT-SWD) or a waiting-list control group offered after the waiting period. Participants completed questionnaires on insomnia, sleepiness and mental health pre- and post-treatment, pre- and post-waiting, and at follow-up, and a sleep diary. As night shift workers alternate between sleeping during the day after their night shifts and transitioning to nighttime sleep on days off, insomnia severity and sleep variables were analysed for daytime and nighttime sleep. The BT-SWD involved sleep restriction therapy, stimulus control and fixed sleep periods in the dark. Statistical analyses were performed under intent-to-treat and per-protocol approaches. Repeated-measures two-way ANCOVA analysis, controlling for age, sex and pre-treatment daytime total sleep time, was performed with Bonferroni corrections, and between-group effect sizes computed. Fourteen participants dropped out after randomisation. Under the intent-to-treat analysis, BT-SWD participants had a significant greater decrease in daytime insomnia severity and an increase in daytime total sleep time at post-treatment than the control group, with large between-group effect sizes (-1.25 and 0.89). These corresponding results were also significant with large effect sizes under the per-protocol analysis. Sleepiness, anxiety and depression levels improved at post-treatment and maintained at follow-up when the BT-SWD treated controls were added to the BT-SWD group. The behavioural therapy for shift work disorder can be used to improve the sleep and mental health of healthcare night workers.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid39327793,

title = {Predictability of sleep in insomnia: sleep patterns of patients from a sleep psychology clinic},

author = {Dave Laroche and Hans Ivers and Celyne H Bastien and Annie Vallières},

doi = {10.1111/jsr.14369},

issn = {1365-2869},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-09-01},

journal = {J Sleep Res},

pages = {e14369},

abstract = {The present study aims at identifying sleep patterns in insomnia in a clinical sample using three strategies to define poor nights. Sleep diaries and self-reported questionnaires were collected from 77 clinical patients with insomnia. The conditional probabilities of observing a poor night after 1, 2, or 3 consecutive poor nights were computed according to three strategies with same criteria for sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency, but varying criterion for total sleep time. Latent profile analyses were conducted to derive sleep patterns. Uni- and multivariate analyses were conducted to characterise the sleep patterns identified. A total of 1586 nights were analysed. The strategy used significantly influenced the average percentage of reported poor nights. Two to three sleep patterns were derived per strategy. Within each strategy, sleep patterns differed from each other on sleep variables and night-to-night variability. Results suggest the existence of sleep patterns in insomnia among individuals consulting in psychological clinics. Adding a total sleep time of 6-h cut-off as a criterion to define poor nights increases the accuracy of the strategy to define poor night and allows to identify sleep patterns of poor nights in insomnia.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38634644,

title = {Reduced rapid eye movement sleep in late middle-aged and older apolipoprotein E ɛ4 allele carriers},

author = {Claire André and Marie-Ève Martineau-Dussault and Andrée-Ann Baril and Nicola Andrea Marchi and Véronique Daneault and Dominique Lorrain and Carol Hudon and Célyne H Bastien and Dominique Petit and Cynthia Thompson and Judes Poirier and Jacques Montplaisir and Nadia Gosselin and Julie Carrier},

doi = {10.1093/sleep/zsae094},

issn = {1550-9109},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-07-01},

journal = {Sleep},

volume = {47},

number = {7},

abstract = {STUDY OBJECTIVES: Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, APOE4 carriers may exhibit sleep disturbances, but conflicting results have been reported, such that there is no clear consensus regarding which aspects of sleep are impacted. Our objective was to compare objective sleep architecture between APOE4 carriers and non-carriers, and to investigate the modulating impact of age, sex, cognitive status, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).nnMETHODS: A total of 198 dementia-free participants aged >55 years old (mean age: 68.7 ± 8.08 years old, 40.91% women, 41 APOE4 carriers) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. They underwent polysomnography, APOE4 genotyping, and a neuropsychological evaluation. ANCOVAs assessed the effect of APOE4 status on sleep architecture, controlling for age, sex, cognitive status, and the apnea-hypopnea index. Interaction terms were added between APOE4 status and covariates.nnRESULTS: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep percentage (F = 9.95, p = .002, ηp2 = 0.049) and duration (F = 9.23, p = .003, ηp2 = 0.047) were lower in APOE4 carriers. The results were replicated in a subsample of 112 participants without moderate-to-severe OSA. There were no significant interactions between APOE4 status and age, sex, cognitive status, and OSA in the whole sample.nnCONCLUSIONS: Our results show that APOE4 carriers exhibit lower REM sleep duration, including in cognitively unimpaired individuals, possibly resulting from early neurodegenerative processes in regions involved in REM sleep generation and maintenance.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38733767,

title = {The relationships between insomnia, nightmares, and dreams: A systematic review},

author = {Julia-Pizzamiglio Delage and Jeannie Côté and William-Girard Journault and Alexandre Lemyre and Célyne H Bastien},

doi = {10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101931},

issn = {1532-2955},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-01},

journal = {Sleep Med Rev},

volume = {75},

pages = {101931},

abstract = {Insomnia and nightmares are both prevalent and debilitating sleep difficulties. The present systematic review aims to document the relationships between insomnia and nightmares in individuals without a concomitant psychopathology. The relationships between insomnia and dreams are also addressed. PsycINFO and Medline were searched for papers published in English or French from 1970 to March 2023. Sixty-seven articles were included for review. Most results support positive relationships between insomnia variables and nightmare variables in individuals with insomnia, individuals with nightmares, the general population, students, children and older adults, and military personnel and veterans. These positive relationships were also apparent in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Some psychological interventions, such as Imagery Rehearsal Therapy, might be effective in alleviating both nightmares and insomnia symptoms. Regarding the relationships between insomnia and dreams, compared with controls, the dreams of individuals with insomnia are characterized by more negative contents and affects. The results show that insomnia and nightmares are connected and may be mutually aggravating. A model is proposed to explain how insomnia might increase the likelihood of experiencing nightmares, and how nightmares can in turn lead to sleep loss and nonrestorative sleep.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38597884,

title = {Insomnia gone in one week, without medication: too good to be true?},

author = {Célyne H Bastien and Ellemarije Altena},

doi = {10.1093/sleep/zsae092},

issn = {1550-9109},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-01},

journal = {Sleep},

volume = {47},

number = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid37586843,

title = {The effectiveness of stimulus control in cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia in adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis},

author = {Mikael Demers Verreault and Élyse Granger and Xavier Neveu and Julia Pizzamiglio Delage and Célyne H Bastien and Annie Vallières},

doi = {10.1111/jsr.14008},

issn = {1365-2869},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-01},

journal = {J Sleep Res},

volume = {33},

number = {3},

pages = {e14008},

abstract = {Stimulus control is part of the widely used cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia. However, there is a lack of knowledge about its mechanisms of action and effectiveness when used alone. This systematic review with network meta-analysis aimed to evaluate stimulus control efficacy when used alone compared with cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia or its components. The review also documented stimulus control mechanisms of action proposed by the authors. A search was conducted in several bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, Psychology Behavioural Sciences Collection, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) and in two registers from 1972 to June 2022. Randomised studies with adult participants presenting a diagnosis of insomnia and including at least one stimulus control instruction in a treatment group were included. Risk of bias was assessed with the Quality Assessment of Controlled Intervention Studies. Twenty-three studies were included and three network meta-analyses were conducted. The quality of included studies was generally poor. Results indicate that stimulus control is an effective intervention to improve insomnia compared with control conditions. Not all stimulus control instructions seem essential, especially those known to recondition the bedroom for sleep. The review challenges the classical conditioning hypothesis. Results should be interpreted cautiously given the small number of studies included, bias risk, and inconsistencies in the network meta-analysis. Rigorous research is needed in evaluating stimulus control efficacy and mechanisms.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid38016484,

title = {The European Insomnia Guideline: An update on the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia 2023},

author = {Dieter Riemann and Colin A Espie and Ellemarije Altena and Erna Sif Arnardottir and Chiara Baglioni and Claudio L A Bassetti and Celyne Bastien and Natalija Berzina and Bjørn Bjorvatn and Dimitris Dikeos and Leja Dolenc Groselj and Jason G Ellis and Diego Garcia-Borreguero and Pierre A Geoffroy and Michaela Gjerstad and Marta Gonçalves and Elisabeth Hertenstein and Kerstin Hoedlmoser and Tuuliki Hion and Brigitte Holzinger and Karolina Janku and Markus Jansson-Fröjmark and Heli Järnefelt and Susanna Jernelöv and Poul Jørgen Jennum and Samson Khachatryan and Lukas Krone and Simon D Kyle and Jaap Lancee and Damien Leger and Adrian Lupusor and Daniel Ruivo Marques and Christoph Nissen and Laura Palagini and Tiina Paunio and Lampros Perogamvros and Dirk Pevernagie and Manuel Schabus and Tamar Shochat and Andras Szentkiralyi and Eus Van Someren and Annemieke van Straten and Adam Wichniak and Johan Verbraecken and Kai Spiegelhalder},

doi = {10.1111/jsr.14035},

issn = {1365-2869},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-12-01},

journal = {J Sleep Res},

volume = {32},

number = {6},

pages = {e14035},

abstract = {Progress in the field of insomnia since 2017 necessitated this update of the European Insomnia Guideline. Recommendations for the diagnostic procedure for insomnia and its comorbidities are: clinical interview (encompassing sleep and medical history); the use of sleep questionnaires and diaries (and physical examination and additional measures where indicated) (A). Actigraphy is not recommended for the routine evaluation of insomnia (C), but may be useful for differential-diagnostic purposes (A). Polysomnography should be used to evaluate other sleep disorders if suspected (i.e. periodic limb movement disorder, sleep-related breathing disorders, etc.), treatment-resistant insomnia (A) and for other indications (B). Cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia is recommended as the first-line treatment for chronic insomnia in adults of any age (including patients with comorbidities), either applied in-person or digitally (A). When cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia is not sufficiently effective, a pharmacological intervention can be offered (A). Benzodiazepines (A), benzodiazepine receptor agonists (A), daridorexant (A) and low-dose sedating antidepressants (B) can be used for the short-term treatment of insomnia (≤ 4 weeks). Longer-term treatment with these substances may be initiated in some cases, considering advantages and disadvantages (B). Orexin receptor antagonists can be used for periods of up to 3 months or longer in some cases (A). Prolonged-release melatonin can be used for up to 3 months in patients ≥ 55 years (B). Antihistaminergic drugs, antipsychotics, fast-release melatonin, ramelteon and phytotherapeutics are not recommended for insomnia treatment (A). Light therapy and exercise interventions may be useful as adjunct therapies to cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia (B).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}